Lorestan University of Medical SciencesHerbal Medicines Journal2538-21446420210501An Ethno-Botanical Survey of Plants Used in Rheumatoid Arthritis Treatment: A Case Study of Gusau in Nigeria13514522116210.22087/hmj.v6i4.868ENAyodejiOluwatobi OjetundeDepartment of Human Physiology, Ahmadu Bello University, Zaria, NigeriaGeoffreyTimothy TongshuwarDepartment of Biochemistry, Federal University Dutsinma, NigeriaAyandunmolaF. OyegokePublic Health Unit, Salama Infirmary (Clinic & Maternity) Zaria NigeriaToyeseOyegokeDepartment of Chemical Engineering, ABU Zaria NigeriaJournal Article20250519Background and Aim: Rheumatoid arthritis (RA), an autoimmune disease, is known as the most prevalent type of polyarticular inflammatory arthritis with a variety of features, including continual synovial inflammation, bony erosions, and progressive destruction with varying physical disability and degrees of pains. The aim of this study is to provide the knowledge about plants used in rheumatoid arthritis treatment by people residing in Gusau, Zamfara State, Nigeria. Materials and Methods: The survey was carried out using an electronic questionnaire to obtain information about plants used in the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis. The plants that were used, part of the plant(s), mode of preparation, and transferability of knowledge were documented. Results: About 12 plant species, i.e. Allium sativum Linn., Curcuma longa Linn., Xylopia aethiopica (Dunal) A. Rich., Zingiber officinale Roscoe., Telfairia occidentalis Hook.f., Moringa oleifera Lam., Eleusine indica (L.) Gaertn., Vernonia amygdalina Del., Momordica charantia Linn., Persea americana Mill., Vitellaria paradoxa C.F.Gaertn., and Nigella sativa Linn. were reported in a different frequency, with 16.83% of the respondents reporting herbal mixtures without a knowledge source of the plants. The plant parts used in rheumatoid arthritis treatment were roots, leaves, bulbs, fruits, and stems prepared in different forms like grinding, decoction, infusion, herbal mixture, and blending. Conclusion: There is a great level of transfer of these medicinal plants' knowledge to friends and family members. This ethnobotanical survey has shown these plants' local uses in treating rheumatoid arthritis (RA) in Gusau, Zamfara State, Nigeria. https://hmj.lums.ac.ir/article_221162_a2b2a13ec2748fb1567bb5318da2be0b.pdfLorestan University of Medical SciencesHerbal Medicines Journal2538-21446420210501Anti-Inflammatory and Antioxidant Potentials of Merremia hederacea (Burm.Fil) Leaves14615222117210.22087/hmj.v6i4.789ENSanjidaSharminDepartment of Pharmacy, International Islamic University Chittagong, Chittagong, BangladeshRanakJahan ProvaDepartment of Pharmacy, International Islamic University Chittagong, Chittagong, BangladeshJournal Article20250519Background and Aim: This study aimed to identify the existence of phytochemical compounds and evaluate the in-vitro antioxidant and anti-inflammatory potentials of the leaves extract of Merremia hederacea which is commonly known as ivy woodrose. Materials and Methods: The antioxidant potency was measured using DPPH radical scavenging method and reducing power capacity followed by calculating phenol and flavonoid contents. To test the anti-inflammatory effect, the protein-denaturation method was applied. Results: Based on the DPPH scavenging activity, the IC50 value of the extract was determined to be 416.977. The amounts of phenolic content and flavonoids as well as the reducing power of this extract were found satisfactory. The extract remarkably hindered the denaturation of protein in the anti-inflammatory activity test with a maximum of 68.86% inhibition at 500 μg/mL concentration. Conclusion: The results indicate that M. hederacea leaves have favorable antioxidant and anti-inflammatory potencies; hence, this plant can be an effective source of new potent drugs https://hmj.lums.ac.ir/article_221172_3632b52cd768804580bae65e8ea17558.pdfLorestan University of Medical SciencesHerbal Medicines Journal2538-21446420210501The Effect of Rosa damascena on Children’s Enuresis: A Randomized Pilot Study15315722117610.22087/hmj.v6i4.953ENAnoushAzarfarKidney Transplantation Complications Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, IranRaminSargaziGeneral physician, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, IranElhamBakhtiariEye Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, IranJournal Article20250519Background and Aim: Enuresis is one of the common problems among children. The present pilot study was conducted to investigate the effect of Rosa damascene on nocturnal enuresis in children. Materials and Methods: A randomized pilot study was performed from April 2017 to March 2018. The study participants were 40 children aged between 5-12 years with nocturnal enuresis. They were randomly divided to intervention and control groups using block randomization. The intervention group received R. damascena petals under the brand name Gole-Ghand (Barij- essence, Iran) as 5 cc orally, every 8 hours for one month. The control group received desmopressin as nasal spray (Sina Darou, Iran) 1-2 puffs for one month (maximum 20 mg daily). The primary outcome was complete or partial improvement in enuresis. The secondary outcome was frequency of side effects in patients. Results: Twenty-two out of 39 patients 22 (56.4%) were male and 17 patients (43.6%) were female with the average age of 7.3±1.86 years. There was no noticeable distinction between the groups in age, sex, urbanity, history of treatment, and primary or secondary enuresis (p>0.05). Complete improvement was observed in 14 patients (70%) in the control group. Partial improvement was observed in four patients (20%) in the control group and in six patients (31.5%) in the intervention group (p:0.001). No side effect was reported during the study in the intervention group. Conclusion: Based on the results of this pilot study, the use of R. damascena may lead to partial improvement against enuresis in some children. Further studies are required to evaluate this hypothesis. https://hmj.lums.ac.ir/article_221176_49805f4c2571f12d3acd8c2eb0cd25a1.pdfLorestan University of Medical SciencesHerbal Medicines Journal2538-21446420210501Single-Drop Microextraction Using Two Fast Methods: Microwave and Heat for the Determination of the Volatile Compounds from Grammosciadium platycarpum Boiss and Hausskn16417022117910.22087/hmj.v6i4.787ENMarziehPiryaeiDepartment of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Maragheh, Maragheh, East Azarbaijan, IranJournal Article20250519A gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (GC–MS) based approach is proposed in the current study in order to specify the essential oil constituents in Grammosciadium platycarpum Boiss. This method was developed following the microwave assisted headspace single-drop micro-extraction (MH-SDME). The optimization was done for the MH-SDME parameters that included the microwave power, the sample weight, the nature of the extracting solvent, the extraction time, as well as the volume of the micro-drop. Functioning of the approach proposed here was compared with the traditional hydrodistillation (HD) and single-drop micro-extraction (SDME). In order to identify the volatile compounds in G. platycarpum, the MH -SDME and HD -SDME methods were carried out successfully in the current work. These methods identified 31 compounds in G. platycarpum. In comparison with HD and HD -SDME approaches, MH-HS-SDME is a basic, quick, and economical approach for analyzing the essential oils in G. platycarpum. https://hmj.lums.ac.ir/article_221179_8b0987a003c1e3622274c2ae3e23b888.pdf