Lorestan University of Medical SciencesHerbal Medicines Journal2538-21446320210501The Effect of Pretreatment with the Hydroalcoholic Extract of Ginger on the Modulation of Dopamine D2 Receptor Agonist and Antagonist Impacts on Pain Sensitivity in Male Rats9710122118110.22087/hmj.v6i3.902ENMohammad HosseinFarajiPhysiology Division, Department of Basic Science, School of Veterinary Medicine, Shiraz University, Shiraz, IranMahnazTaherianfardPhysiology Division, Department of Basic Science, School of Veterinary Medicine, Shiraz University, Shiraz, IranJournal Article20250519Background and Aim: Zingiber officinale (ginger) extract increased dopamine concentration in various brain areas. Therefore, the present study aimed to investigate how ginger extract can affect the efficiency of D2 receptor agonist (bromocriptine) and antagonist (chlorpromazine) on pain sensitivity in rats. Materials and Methods: Forty-eight adult male rats in standard conditions divided into eight groups, i.e. the control, the ginger sham1, sham2, ginger, bromocriptine 10 or 30 µM + ginger, and chlorpromazine 20 or 40 µM + ginger. The cannulation of the lateral ventricle was conducted unilaterally by the stereotaxic procedure. A pain sensitivity test was carried out in all the groups by formalin test on the 16th day. Results: The results of this study indicated that ginger could remarkablly (P<0.01) reduce pain sensitivity in all stages of the formalin test. As the data revealed, bromocriptine 10 or 30 µg/rat and chlorpromazine 20 or 40 µg/rat significantly (P<0.01) decreased the pain sensitivity in all phases of the formalin test in comparison with the control and sham groups. However, chlorpromazine 20 or 40 µg/rat noticeably (P<0.01) increased the pain sensitivity when compared to ginger and bromocriptine groups. Conclusion: According to the results of the present study, ginger mimics the analgesic effect of bromocriptine. Moreover, ginger has attenuated the hyperalgesic effect of chlorpromazine. It seems that ginger has a synergistic effect with the analgesic effect of the dopamine D2 receptor. https://hmj.lums.ac.ir/article_221181_7fa4a7b5379d98f12bb9dac72909c365.pdfLorestan University of Medical SciencesHerbal Medicines Journal2538-21446320210501The Effect of Foliar Application of Urea and Salicylic Acid on the Antibacterial Properties of Physalis alkekengi L. In vitro condition10211222118410.22087/hmj.v7i3.847ENAliPezeshkiDepartment of Agriculture, Faculty of Agriculture, Miyaneh Branch, Islamic Azad University, Miyaneh, East Azarbaijan, IranHassanNourafcanDepartment of Agriculture, Medicinal Plants and Organic Products Research Center, Miyaneh Branch, Islamic Azad University,
Miyaneh, East Azarbaijan, IranMehdiOraeiDepartment of Horticultural Sciences, Faculty of Agriculture, Miyaneh Branch, Islamic Azad University, Miyaneh, East Azarbaijan,
IranNaserMohebalipourDepartment of Agriculture, Faculty of Agriculture, Miyaneh Branch, Islamic Azad University, Miyaneh, East Azarbaijan, IranAssadAssadiDepartment of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of veterinary, Medicinal Plants and Organic Products Research Center, Miyaneh Branch,
Islamic Azad University, Miyaneh, East Azarbaijan, IranJournal Article20250519Background and Aim: The Physalis alkekengi is a medicinal plant that has long been used in pharmaceutical, food and health products. Increasing and indiscriminate use of synthetic antibiotics against bacterial infections has increased drug resistance. As a result, today there is an increasing tendency among people to use drugs of natural origin, particularly herbal ones. In this regard, this study was conducted to investigate the antibacterial effects of alcoholic extract of Physalis alkekengi on some common bacteria in vitro condition. Materials and Methods: In this study, the alcoholic extract of Physalis alkekengi obtained from foliar application of urea fertilizer (0.25, 0.5, 1 and 2%) and salicylic acid (0.001. 0.0025, 0.005 and 0.01 mM) at four levels were used. For this purpose, antibacterial effects of the extracts were investigated by dilution methods in tube, disk and well diffusion method against Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, Salmonella enterica, Proteus mirabilis, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Bacillus cereus, Shigella dysenteriae and Klebsiella pneumonia. Results: The results of the present study indicated that the extracts of Physalis alkekengi have antibacterial effects under the influence of different treatments of urea and salicylic acid. Moreover, the results showed the effects of minimum inhibitory concentration and minimum bactericidal concentrations of different treatments of urea and salicylic acid. Among the tested concentrations, urea concentrations of 2% and 0.5% had the highest and lowest inhibitory effects on bacterial growth compared to the negative and positive control groups respectively. Salicylic acid with 0.01 and 0.001mM showed the highest and lowest bacterial growth inhibitory effects respectively. Conclusion: The results of this study showed that the extract of Physalis alkekengi contain suitable antibacterial substances that can be used as an alternative in cases of drug resistance against pathogenic microorganisms. https://hmj.lums.ac.ir/article_221184_eef542ab4d0051ecb086c4c3b258f972.pdfLorestan University of Medical SciencesHerbal Medicines Journal2538-21446320210501Protective Effects of Grape Seed Extract (GSE) against the Respiratory System following Formalin Exposure on Balb/c Mice11311922118610.22087/hmj.v6i3.969ENBahramBibakDepartment of Physiology , Medicine Faculty, North Khorasan University of Medical Sciences, Bojnurd, IranHasanPahangDepartment of Anatomy, Medicine Faculty, North Khorasan University of Medical Sciences, Bojnurd, IranMehranVatanchian YazdiDepartment of Anatomy, Medicine Faculty, North Khorasan University of Medical Sciences, Bojnurd, IranAliShamsaraDepartment of Anatomy, Afzalipour School of Medicine, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, IranJournal Article20250519Background and Aim: As it has been reported in previous studies, the prevalence of respiratory distress is related to a variety of environmental factors. Among them, formaldehyde exposure also irritates the respiratory tract and augments the risk of airway diseases. The aims of this study was to determine the protective impacts of grape seed extract against (GSE) following formaldehyde exposure on Balb/c mice. Materials and Methods: Twenty-four adult Balb/c mice were divided into the following groups: 1-control (Ctrl) group, 2-formaldehyde exposure (FOR) group, 3-formaldehyde exposure and grape seed extract treatment (FOR+GSE) group and 4- grape seed extract treatment (GSE) group. The mice in groups 3 and 4 received 200 mg/kg GSE intraperitoneally and the mice in groups 2 and 3 were exposed to 3 mg/m3 formalin from 8 a.m. to 3 p.m., 7 h/day, 6 days/week, for 4 weeks. At the end of experimental periods, the tissue samples were removed from the trachea and the lungs and immersed in 10% formalin to be prepared for histological examination. Finally, the level of malondialdehyde (MDA) was evaluated in the plasma of the blood samples. Results and Conclusions: Data analysis showed that formaldehyde exposure could significantly reduce the weight of the mice (p<0.05). Moreover, formaldehyde caused epithelial metaplasia and edema of sub-epithelial space in the trachea. The wall of blood vessels was thickened. However, GSE consumption moderated some of formaldehyde effects. Treatment with GSE significantly reduced the MDA level p<0.05. Conclusion: GSE could reduce the marker of oxidative stress and stimulate antioxidant defenses against formaldehyde inhalation. https://hmj.lums.ac.ir/article_221186_bf4cc5bf7bf858c9c5dbc6be40e33b77.pdf