Lorestan University of Medical SciencesHerbal Medicines Journal2538-21444420190501Survey and In Vitro Investigation of the Plants Used by Traditional Healers in the Treatment of Diabetes in Albay Province, the Philippines14115622130410.22087/herb%20med%20j.v4i4.761ENDennisB. GogolaFaculty, Nursing Department, Bicol University Tabaco Campus, PhilippinesMaria LuisaU. TangoFaculty, Education Department, Bicol University Tabaco Campus, PhilippinesJournal Article20250520Background and Aim: Diabetes is a global lifestyle disease that affects the health and economy of the affected population. It causes debilitating complications, which require expensive medications whose consumption produces side effects. Likewise, this study identified the plants used for treating diabetes by traditional healers in Albay province, Philippines. We evaluated their anti-diabetic and antioxidant activities in vitro, and determined the presence of essential phytochemicals.Materials and Methods: The anti-diabetic activity of the plant extracts was determined by α-glucosidase inhibition assay. The free radical scavenging activity of the plants was evaluated using DPPH (1, 1-Diphenyl-2 -picrylhydrazyl). Moreover, the determination of total phenolics, tannins, and flavonoids was performed using conventional methods.Results: The nine plants that were used included Annona muricata L., Blumea balsamifera (L.) DC., Moringa oleifera Lam, Cymbopogon citratus (DC.), Cocus nucifera L., Curcuma longa L., Momordica charantia L., Abelmoschus esculentus (L.) Moench., and Citrus microcarpa Bunge. The inhibitory activity against α-glucosidase was actively exhibited by B. balsamifera (L.) DC. leaf and C. nucifera L. root extracts with IC50 (inhibition concentration at 50%) values of 4.97 and 13.36 μg/ml, respectively. Furthermore, the plant extracts exhibited free radical scavenging capacity that ranged from 38.88 to 90.36% at the concentration of 100 μg/mL. The B. balsamifera (L.) DC. exhibited the highest radical scavenging activity, with 90.36%, followed by C. nucifera L. with 88.57 %. Furthermore, the total phenolic, flavonoid, and tannin contents were found higher in C. nucifera L. with 609.5, 98.3, and 1,577.70mg GAE/g dw, respectively. Meanwhile, in B. balsamifera (L.) DC. there were 276.4mg GAE/gm phenolic, 611.1mg GAE/gm tannin and 63.3mg GAE/gm dw flavonoid contents, respectively.Conclusion: The results suggest that only two out of the nine plants displayed inhibitory activity against α-glucosidase. Furthermore, they exhibited antioxidant capacity and contained essential bioactive compounds. Hence, the results provide scientific support to the potential use of these plants in the traditional alternative medicine for treating diabetes https://hmj.lums.ac.ir/article_221304_b1a628b4313a831e657841fdd660f10b.pdfLorestan University of Medical SciencesHerbal Medicines Journal2538-21444420190501Effects of Various Drying Methods on the Quantity and Quality of Peppermint (Mentha piperita L.) Essential Oil15716222130510.22087/herb%20med%20j.v4i4.779ENMahyaGhorbaniDepartment of Agronomy and Plant Breeding, Faculty of Agriculture, Malayer University, Malayer, IranZahraMovahediDepartment of Agronomy and Plant Breeding, Faculty of Agriculture, Malayer University, Malayer, IranAzizollahKheiryDepartment of Horticultural Sciences, Faculty of Agriculture, Zanjan University, Zanjan, IranMajidRostamiDepartment of Agronomy and Plant Breeding, Faculty of Agriculture, Malayer University, Malayer, IranJournal Article20250520Background and Aim: The quality of medicinal plants could be affected by different factors such as drying methods. Peppermint (Mentha piperita L.), which is native to the Mediterranean region, is cultivated for food, pharmaceutical and perfumery uses throughout the world. The aerial part of peppermint contains essential oil, phenolic and flavonoid compounds, fatty acids, vitamins, minerals, and salicylic acid.Materials and Methods: The impact of the drying process on the essential oil of peppermint was evaluated in an experiment with a much-randomized design using four treatments (oven drying at 40 and 50oC, shade and semi-shade drying) and three replications. The measured parameters included dry weight and oil quality as well as quantity.Results: According to the results, different drying methods had remarkable impacts on the investigated parameters at P<1%. The results indicated that the highest dry weight and essential oil content were obtained from the semi-shade drying method. While drying at 50oC showed the maximum total menthol, the maximum p-Menthone, dl-Limonene, and Pulegone, Piperitone were obtained from the shade-drying method, and the maximum alpha-pinene, Sabinene, Menthofuran,1,8-Cineole, and trans-Caryophyllene were related to the shade-drying method, and the maximum β-pinene, menthyl acetate, and neo-Menthol were obtained from drying at 40oC.Conclusion: Overall, the results of the present experiment showed that the highest amounts of essential oil contents were obtained from shade and half-shade methods. https://hmj.lums.ac.ir/article_221305_0fc1a97d861a9a070d7e6a99b194ecc1.pdfLorestan University of Medical SciencesHerbal Medicines Journal2538-21444420190501A Preliminary Investigation of the Acute Toxicity of the Ethanolic Extract of Hoslundia opposita in Mus musculus (Swiss Mice)16316722130610.22087/herb%20med%20j.v4i4.778ENOloyedeA MDepartment of Cell Biology and Genetics, University of Lagos, Akoka-Yaba, Lagos, NigeriaAkindeleS KNigerian Institute of Medical Research (NIMER), Yaba, Lagos State, NigeriaJournal Article20250520Background and Aim: Hoslundia opposita has been used traditionally in the management of many health maladies in Southwestern Nigeria. This study investigated the toxicity of the plant for 14 days.Materials and Methods: 20 healthy mice weighing between 13-25 grams were grouped in four cages of 5 mice. They were orally administered extracts of 50, 100, and 200mg kg,-1 and the control group received distilled water. At the expiration of exposure, animals were weighed and sacrificed. Subsequently, blood was obtained for hematology. Internal organs were harvested, weighed and then the liver was homogenized for biochemical analysis.Results: No noticeable difference between the body and organ weights of the treatment groups and the control group was observed. There was a significant dose-dependent decrease in leucocyte. Hemoglobin and neutrophil increased statistically at 200mg kg-1, and 100mg kg-1 respectively. Biochemical analytes showed dose-dependent increases in AST, ALT, ALB, Urea, T.Chol, creatinine and DBil against the control, though a significant increase was observed in mice at 200mg kg-1 in AST. T.bil increased significantly at 200mg kg-1. Insignificant variations in the body and relative organ weight may simply no acute injury and physiologic disturbances attributable to the extract. Insignificant changes in PCV, eosinophils and RBC suggest that the extract does not affect erythropoiesis, osmotic fragility or RBC morphology. The significant leucocyte reduction might imply toxicity on immunity, though clinically irrelevant, for monocytes were insignificant. Moreover, eosinophils at a permissible range might imply the absence of allergy to the extract. Elevated AST and ALT in high doses suggest potential toxicity, but within a permissible range, negating toxicity. Similar values of ALB and T.Prot between the treatment and the control groups suggest that the extract did not alter either the hepatocellular or the secretory mechanism.Conclusion: H. opposita is devoid of acute toxicosis at the examined doses. https://hmj.lums.ac.ir/article_221306_ff44c60e52701041c56a6d517a582199.pdfLorestan University of Medical SciencesHerbal Medicines Journal2538-21444420190501A Comparative Study of the Effects of the Hydroalcoholic Extract of Ziziphora Clinopodioides and Sesame on the Testicular Injury of Normal and Diabetic Mice16817422130710.22087/herb%20med%20j.v4i4.719ENAmirhoseinToozandehjaniDepartment of Medical Radiation Engineering, Islamic Azad University, Shahroud, Iran.SaharMolzemiDepartment of Experimental Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Shahroud Branch, School of Medical Sciences Shahroud, IranNahideBolbol HaghighiDepartment of Midwifery, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Shahroud University of Medical Sciences, Shahroud, IranFarzanehKazemzadehDepartment of Experimental Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Shahroud Branch, School of Medical Sciences Shahroud, IranHamid MohammadSadeghiPhysiology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iranic of Iran Army, Tehran,
IranJournal Article20250520Background and Aim: Diabetes could play a significant role in creating metabolic damages because of generating oxidative stress. It appears that the antioxidant properties of sesame and Ziziphora clinopodioides enable them to be effective in the treatment of diabetes-induced testicular injuries.Materials and Methods: In this study, 48 male Wistar rats with the weight range of 200 to 220gr were selected and divided into the control, the diabetic and the experimental groups of 1, 2, 3 and 4 rats. Diabetes was induced by the intraperitoneal injection of 55mg/kg of sreptozotocin. The diabetic group, the first experimental group (diabetic + 100mg sesame) the second experimental group (diabetic +150 mg sesame), the third experimental group (diabetic+ 100mg Ziziphora Clinopodioides) and the fourth experimental group (diabetic + 150 mg Ziziphora Clinopodioides) whose rats became diabetic after two months were administered sesame and Ziziphora clinopodioides extract for five weeks by intraperitoneal injection. At the beginning of the fifth week, blood samples were taken from the subjects, and biochemical factors, blood hormones as well as testicle dimensions were evaluated macroscopically and histologically.Results: The number of sertoli and spermatid cells in the diabetic group was remarkably reduced in comparison with the control group (p<0.05). Moreover, sesame consumption significantly increased the number of sertoli cells and spermatids compared to the other experimental groups. (p<0.01). Testosterone and insulin also significantly decreased in the diabetic group compared to the control group (p<0.041), and finally sesame consumption increased them compared to the other groups (p<0.32).Conclusion: Sesame plays a therapeutic role in improving diabetes-induced testicular injuries due to its ability to prevent and improve oxidative stresses. https://hmj.lums.ac.ir/article_221307_4e75ae6a746412f12ef7b9f80ca9ff88.pdf