Lorestan University of Medical SciencesHerbal Medicines Journal2538-21443120180501The Reproductive Toxicity of the Ethanolic Extract of Tetrapleura tetraptera Pods on Male and Female Swiss Albino Mice (Mus musculus)1722151710.22087/hmj.v3i1.675ENAdeolaMichael OloyedeDepartment of Cell Biology and Genetics, University of Lagos, Akoka-Yaba, Lagos State, NigeriaJournal Article20250524Background and Aim: Tetrapleura tetraptera is used to treat various maladies in southwestern Nigeria, particularly among the Yoruba tribe. This research was designed to examine the reproductive toxicity of the ethanolic extract of T. tetraptera in male and female mice respectively.Materials and Methods: To conduct a spermatogenic study, 20 male mice weighing averagely 19 – 25g were divided into four groups of 5 mice. Groups 1 – 3 were administered T. tetraptera extract of 200, 100, and 50m/kg-1 bwt. orally respectively. The control group was administered distilled water. All the groups were treated for 40 days after which they were sacrificed via jugular puncture. The testes were excised and sperms collected from epididymis for the preparation of slides. Various histologic studies have been carried out on the testes. For teratogenic studies, 20 female mice weighing averagely between 15– 20g were divided into four groups based on body weight, and then a male mouse was placed in each cage to ensure mating. Animals in group 1 – 3 received 200, 100, and 50m/kg-1 bwt of the extract orally, while the control group received distilled water. The animals were treated for 40 days after which their uteri were excised to observe embryos or foetuses.Results: In the spermatogenic studies, some abberrant sperm cells such as sperms without hook, armophous head, two tails, pin head and clusterd tails were observed. Histology revealed slight modification of histoachitechure of the testes like necrotic shreded cells with degenerating basal membrane, non-differentiated germinal cells, artrophy of sertoli cells and vacuolated sertoli cells.No embryo or foetus was found in the female reproductive organs after excission in all the mice treated with extract, but each mouse in the control group conceived and delivered an average of 6 mice.Conclusion: T.tetraptera may contain some cytotoxic agents inhibiting implantation and distorting sperm morphology. The extract may be unsafe for consumption at the doses investigated.https://hmj.lums.ac.ir/article_221517_1f68c322dd79b7e73acba9126f6ff841.pdfLorestan University of Medical SciencesHerbal Medicines Journal2538-21443120180501The Effects of Cymbopogon citratus (lemon grass) on Morphine Withdrawal Signs in Male Mice81322151810.22087/hmj.v3i1.677ENHamedAhmadi Sheikh-SarmastDepartement of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Urmia Branch, Islamic Azad University, Urmia, Iran.SaeidAbbasi-MalekiDepartement of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Urmia Branch, Islamic Azad University, Urmia, Iran.Journal Article20250524Background and Aim: The antispasmodic, analgesic, antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and sedative effects of Cymbopogon citratus (C. citratus) have been already examined in various studies. Hence, the present study was conducted to investigate the effect of C. citratus hydroalcoholic extract on morphine withdrawal signs in male mice.Materials and Methods: Male NMRI mice (20-30g) were rendered dependent by intraperitoneal (i.p.) injections of morphine three times daily at doses of 50, 50 and 75 mg/kg, respectively, for 3 days. After the last administration of morphine on the fourth day, different doses of C. citratus extract (140,280 and 560 mg/kg, i.p.) and clonidine (0.3mg/kg, i.p.) were administered 30 min before the administration of naloxone (5 mg/kg, i.p.). The mice were observed for 30 minutes for the withdrawal signs, i.e., the characteristic jumping, grooming, teeth chattering, climbing, rearing, wet dog shakes, writing and diarrhea.Results: The findings revealed that all doses of C. citratus (p<0.01, p<0.001 and p<0.01, respectively) and clonidine (p<0.001) could reduce the number of jumps. Moreover, all doses of the extract reduced the grooming (p<0.05), climbing (p<0.05), diarrhea (p<0.01), and writhing behavior (p<0.05). Rearing and wet dog shakes were reduced only by the high dose of the extract (p<0.05).Clonidine decreased the other checked signs (except rearing and wet dog shake behaviors) such as grooming (P< 0.01), teeth chattering (P< 0.05), climbing (P<0.05), writing (P<0.01) and diarrhea (P<0.01).Conclusion: The results indicated that C. citratus extract could attenuate morphine withdrawal signs. However, further studies are required to clarify its exact mechanism of action.https://hmj.lums.ac.ir/article_221518_cef4f786fbd16193632dc36fb0bfcc20.pdfLorestan University of Medical SciencesHerbal Medicines Journal2538-21443120180501An Investigation of the Secondary Metabolites and Antioxidant Capacity of Some Commercial Iranian Pomegranate (Punica granatum L.) Cultivars under Drought Stress142522151910.22087/hmj.v3i1.704ENEsfandiarHassani MoghaddamSeed and Plant Certification Research Institute (SPCRI), Agricultural Research Education & extension organization (AREEO), Karaj,
IranMahmoodEsna-AshariDepartment of Horticultural Sciences, Faculty of Agriculture, Bu-Ali Sina University, Hamedan, IranMahdiShaabanYoung Researchers and Elite Club, Boroujerd Branch, Islamic Azad University, Boroujerd, IranJournal Article20250524Background and Aim: This research was conducted in order to investigate secondary metabolite contents such as ellagic acid, total phenol, total flavonoid and antioxidant capacity in some commercial Iranian pomegranate (Punica granatum L.) cultivars under drought stress.Materials and Methods: The experiment was a factorial arrangement based on a completely randomized design with three replications. Two factors, including pomegranate cultivars (Rabab Neyriz, Nadery badroud, Shyshah cap Ferdous, Ardestany Mahvelat, Malase Yazd and Shirinshavar Yazd) and irrigation levels (60% and 40% field capacity), the moderate and severe stresses respectively, and 80% field capacity as "control" were used and the plants were kept for six weeks. Subsequently, the alteration of some secondary metabolite contents, including ellagic acid content, total phenol, total flavonoid and antioxidant capacity in fully developed leaves were measured under above treatments.Results: In this research, all the examined cultivars had similar responses to drought stress treatments, but the intensity of these responses was different in various cultivars. Drought stress caused an increase in ellagic acid content, total phenol, total flavonoid and antioxidant capacity in all cultivars.Conclusion: According to the ultimate results, due to the high amount of ellagic acid, total phenol, total flavonoid and the consequent antioxidant capacity of the pomegranate leaf, it can be used in medicinal industry to produce herbals drugs.https://hmj.lums.ac.ir/article_221519_9089c38c4c81694b8eee883691987dc4.pdfLorestan University of Medical SciencesHerbal Medicines Journal2538-21443120180501The Wound Healing Effect of Plantago Major Leaf Extract in a Rat Model: An Experimental Confirmation of a Traditional Belief in Persian Medicine263022152110.22087/hmj.v3i1.702ENNassimMoradi RadDepartment of Radiology, Hamedan University of Medical Sciences, Hamedan, IranFatemehShafieDepartment of Physiology, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, IranMahsaMoeini ChaghervandDepartment of Genetics, Islamic Azad University, East Tehran Branch, Tehran, IranSaminKashfiDepartment of Biotechnology, Islamic Azad University of Arak, Arak, IranMarziehRashidipourEnvironmental Health Research Center, Research Institute for Health Development, Kurdistan University of Medical Sciences,
Sanandaj, Iran
6 Razi Herbal Medicines Research Center, Lorestan University of Medical Sciences, Khorramabad, IranFarzanehChehelcheraghiRazi Herbal Medicines Research Center, Lorestan University of Medical Sciences, Khorramabad, IranSeyyed AliMozaffarpur7 Traditional Medicine and History of Medical Sciences Research Center, Health Research Institute, Babol University of Medical
Sciences, Babol, IranBahramRasoulianRazi Herbal Medicines Research Center, Lorestan University of Medical Sciences, Khorramabad, IranJournal Article20250524Background and Aim: Plantago major leaf has been traditionally used in Iran and many other countries for wound healing. This study presents a brief report about the depiction of the effects of Plantago major on wound healing in the major texts of Persian medicine. Moreover, the effect of Plantago major’s leaf extract on wound healing duration has been experimentally assessed in male rats.Materials and Methods: In experimental studies, the methanolic extract of Plantago major's leaf was used as an ointment. To make a wound model, a circular ulcer was made on the back of animals. Adult male Wistar rats were divided into two groups: animals in the control group were treated once a day only with the ointment's eucerin base, and the rats in Plantago major's group were treated with the ointment containing the plant extract. Ulcerous areas were measured on days 0 and 14. The durations of complete wound healing processes were determined too.Results: The difference between the mean duration of wound healing was statistically significant using independent samples t-test (20.7±0.4 days in control vs 19.1±0.4 in plant extract group, p=0.022). Furthermore, there was a significant difference in the mean wound surface area on the fourteenth day (p=0.014) despite the fact that there were no significant differences in day 0 (p=0.69).Conclusion: There is a long history of using Plantago major's leaf for wound healing in Persian medicine text books. It was determined, in the experimental studies conducted on rats, that P. major's leaf extract could accelerate wound healing process. This capability justifies its application not only in Persian medicine but also in some other traditional medicines.https://hmj.lums.ac.ir/article_221521_cbf4a630d0dbd4ec606daeafb1c16658.pdfLorestan University of Medical SciencesHerbal Medicines Journal2538-21443120180501The Effects of Inorganic Nitrate on Carbohydrate and Lipid Metabolism in Type 2 Diabetes: The Protocol of a Randomized Placebo-Controlled Clinical Trial314522152310.22087/hmj.v3i1.701ENZahraBahadoranNutrition and Endocrine Research Center, Research Institute for Endocrine Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences,
Tehran, IranParvinMirmiranDepartment of Clinical Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Nutrition Sciences and Food Technology, National Nutrition and Food
Technology Research Institute, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, IranRezaNourozirad3 Endocrine Physiology Research Center, Research Institute for Endocrine Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences,
Tehran, IranSajadJeddi3 Endocrine Physiology Research Center, Research Institute for Endocrine Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences,
Tehran, IranAsadolahRajabIranian Diabetes Society, Tehran, IranFereidounAziziEndocrine Research Center, Research Institute for Endocrine Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, IranAsgharGhasemiEndocrine Physiology Research Center, Research Institute for Endocrine Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences,
Tehran, IranJournal Article20250524Background and Aim: Decreased bioavailability of nitric oxide (NO) in type 2 diabetes contributes to disrupted pathways of glucose/insulin homeostasis and progression of long-term complications. Due to its ability to convert to NO, inorganic nitrate (NO3) has been recently highlighted as a potential therapeutic agent in type 2 diabetes.Materials and Methods: This research entails a double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled, phase II clinical trial that will be conducted on 62 type 2 diabetic patients. The patients will be randomized to receive a 6-month daily dose of NO3-rich beetroot powder (5 g/d, contains ~250 mg NO3) or placebo (5 g/d, contains <25 mg NO3). The primary outcome is glycosylated hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c). The study is powered to detect a 0.75% reduction in HbA1c levels between the groups. Fasting serum glucose, serum insulin, lipid parameters, liver enzymes, thyroid function tests and complete blood count will be measured as secondary outcomes. The measurements will be done at baseline, and will be repeated in the fourth, twelfth and twenty-fourth weeks. Protocol of the study was approved by the ethical committee of the Research Institute for Endocrine Sciences of Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences (IR.SBMU.ENDOCRINE.REC.1395.322). The trial was registered in the Iranian Registry of Clinical Trials with the following identification: IRCT20180409039246N1.https://hmj.lums.ac.ir/article_221523_ce1713690627261f603d79f956b6b29c.pdf